Machines for shaping stitchdown uppers over lasts



1957 E. BUTLER ETAL 2,778,038

MACHINES FOR SHAPING STITCHDOWN UPPERS OVER LASTS Filed March 11, 1954 s Shets-Sheet 1 N Inventors 3 5777632 LBc/f/er L Ofis/iHo/mes Jan. 22, 1957 E. L. BUTLER ETAL. 2,778,0 8

MACHINES FOR SHAPING STITCHDOWN UPPERS OVER LASTS 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 11,. 1954 Inventors Ernest L. But/er Otis M. fio/mes Jan. 22, 1957 E. L- BUTLER ETAL. 2,778,038

MACHINES FOR SHAPING TITCHDOWN UPPERS OVER LASTS Filed March 11, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 lnz/enzars Erne But/er Otis Holmes 1957 E. BUTLER ETAL 2,778,038

MACHINES FOR SHAPING STITCHDOWN UPPERS OVER LASTS Filed March 11, 1954 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Jnven era 66 v Ernesf LBuf/er LL-E'LEEJ' extension sole.

United States Patent MACHINES FOR SHAPING STITCHDOWN UPPERS OVER LASTS Ernest L. Butler, Lynn, and Otis M. Holmes,,Beverly, .Mass., assignors to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Fleming'ton, N. 1., a corporation of New Jersey Application March 11, B54, Serial No. 415,478

18 Claims. (Cl. 127.5)

This invention relates to machines for shaping shoe uppers and is herein illustrated as embodied in a machine for shaping stitchdown uppers over lasts and for pressing together. the outwardly flanged upper materials and an As herein illustrated, the present invention is embodied in a machine of the type shown, for example, in United States Letters Patent No. 1,861,832, granted June 7, 1932, on an application filed in the name of William C. Baxter, and including the heel and side lasting assembly disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 2,646,583, granted July 28, 1953, on an application filed in our names. It is to be understood, however, that, in certain aspects thereof, the invention is not limited in scope to machines for shaping stitchdown uppers over lasts, the invention in certain aspects thereof being equally applicable to machines for shaping uppers other than stitchdown uppers and to machines forshaping uppers over forms other than lasts.

Machines of the type above referred to are provided with a plate for supporting in upright position an extension sole and a last having shoe upper parts assembled thereon. The work supporting plate has a plane upper surface on which the work is supported. Such a plate provides an acceptable means for supporting the work when thelast over which the upper is to be shaped has a relatively flat bottom surface at the forepart as is usual in lasts commonly employed in the manufacture of stitchdown shoes. However, the styles of stitchdown shoes now being manufactured frequently callfor the use of a last having a somewhat convex bottom surface. In the manufacture of stitchdown shoes on lasts of this type the shape of the last cannot be incorporated in the shoe with the fidelity desired in high grade footwear when the last is supported on a plate having a plane forepart engaging surface due to the fact that a last having a. convex bottom surface has only point contact with a sole positioned on such a work supporting plate thus leaving a space between the edge of the last bottom and the top of the sole which is great enough to cause a substantial discrepancy between the height of the finished shoe and the height of the last.

.It. is an object of the present invention to provide a vmachine of the type above described which, while retaining the desirable features of machines of that type, per- .mits the mounting of the last in such a manner that the shape of the last is reproduced in the shoe with a high degree of fidelity even when the last is one of the type characterized by a bottom surface having a convexity greater than is usual in stitchdown lasts.

With the above object in viewthe present invention contemplates the provision in a machine of the typeabove described of a work supporting plate having a solereceiving recess and a bed plate having means for so determining the angular position .of the work supporting plate that the sole-receiving recess is located in predetermined relation to the operating instrumentalities. In the illustrated organization the positioning means serves to determine the location of the work supporting plate widthwise of a shoe in themachinesand alsothe angular relation of the work supporting plate to the wipers. In the illustrated organization the work supporting plate is mounted on a bed plate provided with means such, for example, as dowel pins for determining the angular position of a Work supporting plate. To provide for a bodily adjustment of the work supporting plate widthwise of a last supported thereon the bed plate is constructed and arranged for adjustment widthwise of the last on the member on which it is mounted.

The illustrated machine is intended primarily for operation on shoes in the infants sizes. The operation of the machine on the complete run of infants sizes from two to nine requires work supporting plates of graduated sizes. In order to facilitate the mounting of anyone of said plates inwork supporting position in the machine the plates are so constructed and arranged that after they have been adjusted to establish the angular relation of the plate to the wipers, they may be removed from the machine and replaced in the machine as requiredwithout disturbing the established angular adjustment. In accordance with the present invention this is achieved by so mounting an adjustable-locating member on the work supporting plate so that the plate and the locating member are handled as a unit after the adjustment has been made and are held in predetermined relation to each other both in and out of the machine. To that end suitable means is provided for securing the locating member to the work supporting plate in adjusted relation thereto and suitable means is provided for positioning the locating member in the work supporting assembly. In the illustrated organization the Work supporting assembly includes a bed plate on which any one of the last supporting plates may be mounted. A member, illustrated in the drawings as a dowel pin on the bed plate, provides a. fulcrum for one end of the lastsupporting plate, and

another member is provided for determining the position of the adjustable locating member with relation to the bed plate.

In lasting machines of the type herein illustrated in which a total complement of six wipers comprising a pair'of'toe wipers, a pair of heel wipers and a pair of side wipers are provided for lasting an entire upper in one operation, the wiper which operates at the inner side of the shank portion of the shoe requires substantially more power than the other five wipers because of the greater concavity of the last bottom line along the inside of the shank portion of the shoe. ,It will be understood that in this situation it is desirable to supplement the power applied to thewiper at the inner side of the shoe in order to insure that this portion of the upper will be well lasted. To this end, the present invention contemplates the provision inthe illustrated machine of means herein illustrated as a booster for augmenting the lasting pressure .widthwise of the shoe applied by the Wiper which operates at the inner side of. the shoe. In the illustrated organization the initial operation of the side wiper above referred to is effected by the advancement of a slide which carries the heel wipers andside wipers, said slidebeing substantially the same in its construction and operation as the wiper carrying slide illustrated and describedin our Patent No. 2,646,583, hereinbefore referred to. i The illustrated booster operates during the advancement of the slide to supplement the power applied to the inner side wiper. In the illustrated organization the boostler acts against an angular surface of the carrier to which the wiper is secured and causes the wiper to receive an additional movement widthwise of the shoe during the toeward movement of the slide. In order to permita variation of the action of the booster on the wiper carrier the booster is mounted for adjustment widthwise of a shoein the machine one member which itself is mounted for,adjustmentlengthwise ,of'the shoe,

, 'In the drawings,

Fig. l is a plan view illustrating a two station machine embodying the features of the presentinvention;

.Fig. 2 is a side elevation illustrating a work supporting head, there being two such heads, one at each station of the machine;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the work supporting head illustrated in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in section illustrating the upper portion of the work supporting head with a shoe mounted thereon, a toe wiper and a heel wiper being shown at the limit of their wiping movement;

Fig. 5 is an angular view illustrating parts of the work supporting assembly;

Fig. 6 is an exploded angular view illustrating parts of the work supporting mechanism shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a section taken substantially on the line VII-VII of Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is a plan view illustrating parts of the mechanism shown in Fig. 7; and

Fig. 9 is a section on the line IX--IX of Fig. 8.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings as embodied in a machine of the type illustrated, for example, in our Patent No. 2,646,583, hereinbefore referred to. Machines of this type are provided with a work supporting head constructed and arranged to mount a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position and to position them relatively to a lasting wiper assembly comprising a pair of toe wipers of the butting point type, a pair of heel wipers, also of the butting point type, and a pair of side wipers which operate upon those portions of the upper not operated upon by the toe wipers and the heel wipers. Machines of this type are also provided with power operated means for elevating the work supporting head to effect an upwiping action of the wipers against the entire periphery of the shoe and to cause the outwardly flanged margin of the upper to be pressed against the margin of an extension sole and secured thereto by pressure responsive cement with which the contacting margins of the upper and the sole are previously coated. Referring to Fig. l, the toe wipers are identified by the numeral 20, the heel wipers by the numeral 22 and the side wipers by the numeral 24. The heel and side wiper assemblies are mounted in a slide which is advanced manually to bring the wipers into engagement with a shoe in the machine. The slide is mounted in a carriage which is advanced by power to apply lasting pressure to the heel wipers and the side wipers. The advancement of the slide first operates the heel wipers, and when the heel wipers meet resistance by engagement with the shoe a rack and gear mechanism operates to advance the side wipers. As shown in Fig. l, the carriage, which mounts the heel and side wiper assemblies, is identified by the numeral 26 and the actuating slide is identified by the numeral 28. The advancement of the heel wipers 22 is terminated by the engagement of an abutment member 30with the heel end of a shoe in the machine. The illustrated abutment member is secured to the slide 28 by a clamping screw 32. The operating connections from the slide 28 to the side wipers 24 are illustrated in Fig. l and comprise a gear segment 34 formed in a side wiper carrier 36 and arranged to mesh with rack teeth 38 formed in a heel wiper carrier plate 40 mounted to slide toward and from the heel end of a shoe in the machine in the slide 28. In the operation of the machine the heel wipers and side wipers are brought into shoe engaging position by the manual advancement of the slide 28 and the final wiping pressure is applied by the advancement of the carriage 26 by power.

For a further description of those features of the illustrated machine briefly described in the foregoing portion 4 of thespecification, reference may be had to our Patent No. 2,646,583 hereinbefore referred to.

In order to augment the wiping action of the side wipers 24 and particularly the side wiper which operates at the inner side of the shank portion of the shoe the illustrated machine is provided with a booster mechanism illustrated in Fig. 1 and comprising a roll 42 constructed and arranged to engage the outer edge face 44 of the side wiper carrier 36 and a similar roll 46 constructed and arranged to operate on the side wiper carrier in the right-hand station of the machine. The edge face 44 of the side wiper carrier converges toewardly relatively to the path of movement of the slide 28. Thus it will be seen that toeward movement of the wiper carrier 36 with the slide 28 causes the wiper carrier to be advanced toward the shoe by its engagement with the roll 42 thereby augmenting the wiping action of the side wiper at the inner side of the shank portion of the shoe. The booster roll 42 is pivotally mounted on a headed screw 48 at the left end of a horizontal angle arm 50 and the booster roll 46 is pivotally mounted on a headed screw 52 at the right end of an angle arm 54. Referring to Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the angle arms 50 and 54 are mounted on a crosshead 56 at the forward end of a slide 58 mounted in a guideway 60 formed in a plate 62 secured by headed screws 64 to the upper ends of four legs 66 secured to and projecting upwardly from two horizontal plates 68 which support the carriage 26 and are fixed to posts 69 projecting upwardly from the top of the machine frame. The angle arms 50 and 54 are held against angular movement relatively to the crosshead 56 by engagement of a tongue 70 formed in the crosshead in grooves 72 formed in the angle arms. The angle arms are individually adjustable in the direction of the width of a shoe in the machine and are secured in adjusted position by headed clamping screws 74 extending through longitudinal slots 76 in the angle arms and into the crosshead 56. The booster rolls 42 and 46 are adjustable in unison in the direction of the length of a shoe in the machine by movement of the slide 58 in its guideway 60 and are secured in adjusted position by a clamping screw 78 which secures the slide 58 to the plate 62. The clamping action of the screw 78 is effected by the pressure of a flange 80 with the top of the slide 58 cooperating with a nut 82 mounted on the threaded end portion of the screw and acting on the bottom of the plate 62, the nut being held against angular movement by parallel tongues 84 projecting downwardly from the plate 62. To provide for the convenient manipulation of the clamping screw 78 the stem of the screw is extended upwardly from the flange 80 and has secured to its upper end a capstan head 86.

The illustrated toe wipers 20 are mounted in a toe head provided with a top plate 88 which takes the upward pressure against the toe wipers during the lasting and sole attaching operations. The illustrated toe head is the same in its construction and operation as the toe head of the machine illustrated in our patent hereinbefore referred to except that the top plate of the toe head in the patented machine is secured by four clamping screws one of which is located in the forward portion of the plate adjacent to the inner side of the shank portion of a shoe in the machine. It was necessary to omit this screw in the machine of the present invention in order to provide clearance for the adjustment of the booster mechanism described in the preceding paragraph. In the illustrated machine the upward pressure exerted against this portion of the top plate 88 is taken by the outturned upper end portion of the left arm of a yoke 90 (Fig. 7), the right arm of which engages a top plate 92 of the toe head in the right hand station of the machine. The outturned upper end portion of each arm of the yoke 90 has a depending foot 94 which extends through an opening in an insulating cover 96 on the top plate and into contact with the upper surface of the top plate. The yoke is secured in clamping engagement with the two top plates by a clamping bolt 98 .thereon, together with an extension sole, the illustrated .machine is provided with a work supporting assembly illustrated in Fig. 2 and comprising a block or head 102 secured to the reduced upper end portion of a rod 104. As shown in our patent hereinbefore referred to, the rod 104 is slidably mounted in the machine frame for movement upwardly with a slight rearward inclination. The rod is actuated by a power operated toggle mechanism (not shown) to impart upward movement to the work supporting assembly. Secured to the upper surface of the head 102 by screws 106 and 107 is a bed plate 108 which is generally rectangular but has a convex end face 109 adjacent to the toe end of a last in the machine. The bed plate 108 is constructed and ar-' ranged to mount alternatively any one of a plurality of work supporting plates, there being one such platefor each range of shoe sizes. The illustrated machine is intended primarily for operation on shoes in the infants sizes from 2 to 9. Three work supporting plates are required for operation on this run ofvsizes, there being one plate for operation on shoes sized 2, 2 /2 and 3, another for operation on shoes sized 3 /2 to 6, and a third for operation on shoes sized 6 /2 to 9. One such work supporting plate is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 in its position on the bed plate 108 and is identified by the numeral 110. The plate 110 supports the forepart of an extension sole and a last arranged in upright position thereon. A thin plate 112 is mounted on the plate 110 and arranged thereon to support the rear part of the extention sole and the last. The plate 112 is removably mounted on a plane surface 113 (Fig. 6) of the plate 110 which surface is offset downwardly slightly from the forepart supporting surface 117 of the plate. The plate 112 is located in predetermined relation to the plate 110 by dowel pins 114 projecting upwardly from the plate 110 through suitable bores 115 in the plate 112. The plate 112 is one of a plurality of rear part engaging plates which are constructed in graduated thicknesses in order to provide for the mounting of shoes having different heel heights. As shown in Fig. 3, the forepart engaging surface 117 of the plate 110 has formed therein a shallow concavity or recess 116 having a bottom contour generally complementalto the bottom contour of the forepart of a last, and having a peripheral contour substantially the same as the peripheral contour of the forepart of the last bottom. It will be understood that in order to provide for the proper location of a last on the plate 110 relatively to the toe wipers the recess 116 must be correctly located widthwise thereof relatively to the toe wipers, and it must also be correctly located angularly in order to provide for a proper orientation of the shoe relativity to the wipers. In the illustrated organization the recess 116 is located widthwise thereof by adjusting the bed plate 108 relatively to the head 102, there being no provision for widthwise ad justment of the toe endof the plate 110 relatively to the bed plate 108. To this end the screw 107, which secures the toe end portion of the plate 108 to the head 102, extends through a short slot 118 extending widthwise of the bed plate 108, and the screws 106 which attach the heel end portion of the bed plate 108 to the head 102 extend through bores which are sufl'ic'iently oversized to provide clearance for the movement of the bed plate relatively to the screws 106 during the adjustment of the toe end portion of the bed plate widthwise thereof. The toe portion of the plate 110 is located relatively to the bed plate 108 by a dowel pin 120 mounted in and projecting upwardly from the bed plate 108 into a suitable socket in the plate 110, and the heel portion of the plate 110 is-located by a dowel pin 122 projecting upwardly from the bed plate 108 into a bore 124 (Fig; 6) in an arcuate member 126 mountedin a suitable groove 128 in the bottom of the plate 110. The angular adjustment of theplate 110 is effected by swinging the plate on the dowel pin 120 while the arcuate member 126 is freely mounted in the groove 128 so as to permit freedom of movement of the heel end portion of the plate 110 rela- After the plate 110 has been adjusted angularly as required the adjustment is fixed by clamping the arcuate member to the plate; 110. To provide for such clamping of the arcuate member two clamping screws 130 are mounted in the forward end portion of the plate and arrangedto bear against the opposite end portions of the arcuate member 126 which, as shown in Fig. 3, are recessed slightly so as to present to the clamping screws surfaces substantially perpendicular thereto. It will be understood that after the arcuate member 126 has been adjusted to provide for the orientation of a last of a given style the adjustment will remain fixed as long as the machine continues to operate on shoe uppers mounted on lasts of that style, a proper orientation of the plate being assured by the engagement of-the dowel pin 122 in the socket 124 in the arcuate member.

The illustrated machine is constructed and arranged to operate on stitchdown shoes and particularly shoes of that type in which the heel portion aswell as the forepart is flanged outwardly for attachment to the margin of an extension sole. Preferably, the upper is provided with a counter which is molded with an outturned flan ge, and the margin of the upper, counter, and lining are adhesively attached to each other and to the heel end portion of an extension sole in assembling the shoe parts on their last preparatory to the operation of the illus trated machine. To provide for theattachment of the outwardly flanged marginal portions of the upper materials to the margin of an extension sole in the operation of the illustrated machine the mutually contacting surfaces of the upper materials and the sole are coated with cement to provide for the adhesive attachment of the outwardly flanged margins to each other and to the margin of the extension sole by the upward pressure of the work supporting assembly after the wipers have been closed upon the upper. When the machine isat rest the slide-28 which mounts the heel and side wiper assemblies is fully retracted into its position shown in Fig. l in the right-hand station of the machine and thusthe shoe parts assembled on their last may conveniently be mounted on the plates 110 and 112 and advanced manually to bring the toe portion of the upper into wiping engagement with the'toe wipers 20. After so locating the last and the shoe parts assemble-d thereon the operator grasps two handles 132 projecting upwardly from opposite sides of the slide 28 and manually advances the slide to bring the heel wipers 22 and the side wipers 24 into engagement with the upper. Thereupon the operator depresses a treadle (not shown) to initiate the power cycle of the machine. Inthe course of the power cycle the work supporting assembly is elevated to cause a relative movement of the wipers and the last heightwise of the last toward the last bottom and, concomitantly, the wipers are advanced to apply wiping pressure to the upper. Upon the completion of the advancement of the wipers and the upward movement of the work supporting assembly the machine comes to rest with the wipers in their position illustrated in Fig. 4 and the outwardly flanged margins of the upper materials and the extension sole held under pressure between the Wipers the plates 110 and 112. The pressure on the work is maintained while the operation is repeated in the other station of the machine. During thelatter part of the operation of the second station the work supporting assembly in the first station moves downwardly while the 7 lasting wipers are retracted. While the work is held under pressure in the second station the operator retracts the slide 28 in the first station leaving theshoe free to be removed from the machine.

Having thus describedour invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a lasting machine, toe wipers, heel Wipers, side wipers, means for actuating the side Wipers, and means for augmenting the lasting pressure applied by the side wipers widthwise of a shoe in the machine.

2. In a lasting machine, a pair of side wipers, a carrier for the side wipers, means operated by movement of the carrier for actuating the side wipers, and a booster for augmenting the lasting pressure applied by one of the side wipers.

3. In a lasting machine, a pair of side wipers, a carrier for the side wipers, means operated by the advancement of the carrier for actuating the. side wipers, and a booster constructed and arranged to operate during the advancement of the carrier to augment the lasting pressure applied by one of the side wipers.

4. In a lasting machine, a pair of side wipers, a pair of carriers for the wipers, a slide on which the carriers are mounted, means operated by the advancement of the slide for actuating the wipers, and a booster member constructed and arranged to operate on one of the carriers during the advancement of the slide to augment the lasting pressure applied by one of the side wipers.

5. In a lasting machine, the combination with a pair of lasting wipers, of means for augmenting the lasting pressure applied by one of the wipers comprising abooster, a member on which the booster is mounted for adjustment widthwise of a shoe in the machine, and means mounting the member for adjustment lengthwise of the shoe.

6. In a two station lasting machine, the combination with two pairs of lasting wipers, one on each station, of means for augmenting the lasting pressure applied by one of the wipers in each station comprising two boosters, a member on which the boosters are mounted for separate adjustment widthwise of a shoe in the machine, and means mounting the member for adjustment lengthwise of the shoe.

7. In a lasting machine, a pair of wipers, a pair of carriers for the wipers, a-slide on which the carriers are mounted, means mounting the slide for movement lengthwise of a shoe in the machine, a booster for augmenting the lasting pressure applied by the wiper at the inner side of a shoe in a machine, the carrier for said wiper being characterized by an angular surface which cooperates with the booster during the advancement of the slide.

8. In a machine for shaping shoe uppers over lasts, the combination with toe wipers, of a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted for angular movement in the plane of the bottom of a last supported on the work supporting plate, said work supporting plate being characterized by a recess having a shape complemental to the contour of the forepart of a last bottom, and meanson the bed plate for determining the angular position of the work supporting plate.

9. In a machine for shaping shoe uppers over lasts, the combination with toe wipers, of a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted for angular movement in the plane of the bottom of a last supported on the work supporting plate, and means mounting the bed plate for adjustive movement Widthwise of a shoe in the machine. 7

l0. In a machine for shaping shoe uppers over lasts, the combination with toe wipers, of a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted for angular movement in the plane of the bottom of a last supported on the work supporting plate, said work supporting plate having a sole receiving recess therein,

tion for supporting the fore part of a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position and a portion for supporting the rear part thereof, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted, a member, means for positioning the member relatively to the bed plate, and means for securing the last supporting plate to the member in adjusted relation thereto.

13. In ashoe machine, work supporting means comprising a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted, a member carried by the last supporting plate, means for securing the member to the last supporting plate in adjusted relation thereto,

, means for positioning the last supporting plate relatively to the bed plate, and means for positioning the member relatively to the bed plate,

14. In a shoe machine, work supporting means comprising a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, a bed plae on which the last supporting plate is mounted, means providing a fulcrum on the bed plate for one end of the last supporting plate, a member carried by the last supporting plate, means for securing the member to the last supporting plate in adjusted position, andlmeans for determining a position of the member relatively to the bed plate.

15. In a machine for shaping'shoe uppers over lasts, the combination with toe wipers, of a plate for supporting a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, said plate being characterized by a recess in its last supporting surface having a shape generally complemental to the'bottom of the forepart of the last, a bed plate on which the last supporting plate is mounted, a member, means for securing the member to the last supporting plate in adjusted relation thereto, and means for determining the position of the member relatively to the bed plate.

16. In a machine for shaping shoe uppers over lasts, the combination with toe wipers, of work supporting means comprising a forepart supporting plate constructed and arranged to support a last and shoe parts thereon in upright position, said plate being characterized by a recess in its work supporting surface having a shape generally complemental to the contour of the bottom of the forepart of the last and being further characterized by means for locating alternatively thereon any one of a plurality of heel engaging plates, and means for determining ditterent angular relations of the forepart supporting plate to the wipers.

17. In a shoe machine the combination with operating instrumentalities, of a work supporting plate having a sole-receiving recess, and means for positioning the plate relatively to the instrumentalities including a member, and means for adjustably seeming the member to the plate.

18. In a shoe machine the combination with operating instrumentalitiesbt a work supporting plate having a sole-receiving recess, a bed plat-e constructed and arranged to mount the work supporting plate, and means for determining the angular disposition of the work supporting plate relatively to the operating instrumentalities comprising a member, means for 'adjustably securing the member to the work supporting plate, and means on the 9 10 bed plate for determining the position of the member 1,955,730 Baxter Apr. 24, 1934 relatively thereto. 2,194,693 Dehne Mar. 26, 1940 2,210,586 Kamborian Aug. 6, 1940 References Cited in the file of this patent 2,646,583 Butler et a1. July 28, 1953 UNITED STATES PA 5 2,665,436 Jorgensen Jan. 12, 1954 361,363 Kelley Apr. 19, 1887 

